World Englishes - Academic Dictionaries and …
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<code>This article is about the classification of Englishes around the world. For Global English or World English, see International English.</code><code>Media</code><code>Media</code><code>International Association for World Englishes</code><code>World Englishes refers to the emergence of localised or indigenised varieties of English, especially varieties that have developed in nations colonised by Great Britain or influenced by the United States. World Englishes consist of varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts globally, and how sociolinguistic histories, multicultural backgrounds and contexts of function influence the use of colonial English in different regions of the world.</code><code>The issue of World Englishes was first raised in 1978 to examine concepts of regional Englishes globally. Pragmatic factors such as appropriateness, comprehensibility and interpretability justified the use of English as an international and intra-national language. In 1988, at a Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) conference in Honolulu, Hawaii, the International Committee of the Study of World Englishes (ICWE) was formed.[In 1992, the ICWE formally launched the International Association for World Englishes (IAWE) at a conference of "World Englishes Today", at the University of Illinois, USA.[1]</code><code>Currently, there are approximately 75 territories where English is spoken either as a first language (L1) or as an unofficial or institutionalised second language (L2) in fields such as government, law and education. It is difficult to establish the total number of Englishes in the world, as new varieties of English are constantly being developed and discovered.[2]</code>Contents<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#World_English_versus_World_Englishes">1 World English versus World Englishes<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Historical_context">2 Historical context<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#History_of_English">2.1 History of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Global_spread_of_English">2.2 Global spread of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Classification_of_Englishes">3 Classification of Englishes<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Kachru.27s_Three_Circles_of_English">3.1 Kachru's Three Circles of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Schneider.27s_Dynamic_Model_of_Postcolonial_Englishes">3.2 Schneider's Dynamic Model of Postcolonial Englishes<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Other_Models_of_Classification">3.3 Other Models of Classification<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Strevens.27s_World_Map_of_English">3.3.1 Strevens's World Map of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#McArthur.27s_Circle_of_World_English">3.3.2 McArthur's Circle of World English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#G.C3.B6rlach.27s_Circle_model_of_English">3.3.3 Görlach's Circle model of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Modiano.27s_model_of_English">3.3.4 Modiano's model of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Variations_and_Varieties">4 Variations and Varieties<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#The_Future_of_World_Englishes">5 The Future of World Englishes<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#English_as_the_language_of_.E2.80.98others.E2.80.99">5.1 English as the language of ‘others’<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#The_languages_of_.E2.80.98others.E2.80.99_as_World_Languages">5.2 The languages of ‘others’ as World Languages<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#References">6 References<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Further_reading">7 Further reading<a href="h…
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<code>This article is about the classification of Englishes around the world. For Global English or World English, see International English.</code><code>Media</code><code>Media</code><code>International Association for World Englishes</code><code>World Englishes refers to the emergence of localised or indigenised varieties of English, especially varieties that have developed in nations colonised by Great Britain or influenced by the United States. World Englishes consist of varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts globally, and how sociolinguistic histories, multicultural backgrounds and contexts of function influence the use of colonial English in different regions of the world.</code><code>The issue of World Englishes was first raised in 1978 to examine concepts of regional Englishes globally. Pragmatic factors such as appropriateness, comprehensibility and interpretability justified the use of English as an international and intra-national language. In 1988, at a Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) conference in Honolulu, Hawaii, the International Committee of the Study of World Englishes (ICWE) was formed.[In 1992, the ICWE formally launched the International Association for World Englishes (IAWE) at a conference of "World Englishes Today", at the University of Illinois, USA.[1]</code><code>Currently, there are approximately 75 territories where English is spoken either as a first language (L1) or as an unofficial or institutionalised second language (L2) in fields such as government, law and education. It is difficult to establish the total number of Englishes in the world, as new varieties of English are constantly being developed and discovered.[2]</code>Contents<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#World_English_versus_World_Englishes">1 World English versus World Englishes<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Historical_context">2 Historical context<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#History_of_English">2.1 History of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Global_spread_of_English">2.2 Global spread of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Classification_of_Englishes">3 Classification of Englishes<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Kachru.27s_Three_Circles_of_English">3.1 Kachru's Three Circles of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Schneider.27s_Dynamic_Model_of_Postcolonial_Englishes">3.2 Schneider's Dynamic Model of Postcolonial Englishes<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Other_Models_of_Classification">3.3 Other Models of Classification<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Strevens.27s_World_Map_of_English">3.3.1 Strevens's World Map of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#McArthur.27s_Circle_of_World_English">3.3.2 McArthur's Circle of World English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#G.C3.B6rlach.27s_Circle_model_of_English">3.3.3 Görlach's Circle model of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Modiano.27s_model_of_English">3.3.4 Modiano's model of English<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Variations_and_Varieties">4 Variations and Varieties<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#The_Future_of_World_Englishes">5 The Future of World Englishes<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#English_as_the_language_of_.E2.80.98others.E2.80.99">5.1 English as the language of ‘others’<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#The_languages_of_.E2.80.98others.E2.80.99_as_World_Languages">5.2 The languages of ‘others’ as World Languages<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#References">6 References<a href="https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3529675#Further_reading">7 Further reading<a href="h…
Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias
World Englishes
This article is about the classification of Englishes around the world. For Global English or World English, see International English. International Association for World Englishes World Englishes refers to the emergence of localised or…
Words: You spin me right round baby right round. - The Hint ...
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https://world_en.enacademic.com/32414/halt. meter is a poetic device that serves as a linguistic sound pattern for the verses, as it gives poetry a rhythmical and ...via enacademic.com
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
Words: You spin me right round baby right round. -
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
1:32 / 3:18
Foundry - Forrest Fenn Interview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShcFOH6Zkxw
Cement: quarry stone
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cement
Quarry: from quattuor (“four”)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quarry#English
Four: From Old French forn…
Foundry - Forrest Fenn Interview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShcFOH6Zkxw
Cement: quarry stone
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cement
Quarry: from quattuor (“four”)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quarry#English
Four: From Old French forn…
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Words: You spin me right round baby right round. - The Hint ...
https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/9477980. Polytomous: (botany) subdivided into many parts https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/polytomous. Dichotomy: A phase ...
Words: You spin me right round baby right round. - The Hint ...
https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/9477980. Polytomous: (botany) subdivided into many parts https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/polytomous. Dichotomy: A phase ...
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
Words: You spin me right round baby right round. -
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
1:32 / 3:18
Foundry - Forrest Fenn Interview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShcFOH6Zkxw
Cement: quarry stone
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cement
Quarry: from quattuor (“four”)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quarry#English
Four: From Old French forn…
Foundry - Forrest Fenn Interview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShcFOH6Zkxw
Cement: quarry stone
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cement
Quarry: from quattuor (“four”)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quarry#English
Four: From Old French forn…
Words: You spin me right round baby right round. - The Hint of ...
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https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/9477980. Polytomous: (botany) subdivided into many parts https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/polytomous. Dichotomy: A phase ...via enacademic.com
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
Words: You spin me right round baby right round. -
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
1:32 / 3:18
Foundry - Forrest Fenn Interview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShcFOH6Zkxw
Cement: quarry stone
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cement
Quarry: from quattuor (“four”)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quarry#English
Four: From Old French forn…
Foundry - Forrest Fenn Interview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShcFOH6Zkxw
Cement: quarry stone
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cement
Quarry: from quattuor (“four”)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quarry#English
Four: From Old French forn…
Words: You spin me right round baby right round. - The Hint of ...
https://ift.tt/36VAKDm
via enacademic.com
https://ift.tt/36VAKDm
https://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/9477980. Polytomous: (botany) subdivided into many parts https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/polytomous. Dichotomy: A phase ...via enacademic.com
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
Words: You spin me right round baby right round. -
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
The Hint of Riches - Forrest Fenn's Treasure Hunt
1:32 / 3:18
Foundry - Forrest Fenn Interview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShcFOH6Zkxw
Cement: quarry stone
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cement
Quarry: from quattuor (“four”)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quarry#English
Four: From Old French forn…
Foundry - Forrest Fenn Interview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShcFOH6Zkxw
Cement: quarry stone
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cement
Quarry: from quattuor (“four”)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quarry#English
Four: From Old French forn…
potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary
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Apoven1potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary https://t.co/qPUaDA6x9c https://t.co/1txka7Tsh7via enacademic.com
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potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary ht…
potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary
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Apoven1potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary https://t.co/qPUaDA6x9c https://t.co/1txka7Tsh7via enacademic.com
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potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary ht…
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potent
strong
forceful
powerful
influential
intoxicating
Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon
#English #vocabulary
https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1113794750019072000/KvNpa8JG_normal.png
potent
strong
forceful
powerful
influential
intoxicating
Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon
#English #vocabulary
https://t.co/qPUaDA6x9c https://t.co/1txka7Tsh7
potent
strong
forceful
powerful
influential
intoxicating
Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon
#English #vocabulary
https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1113794750019072000/KvNpa8JG_normal.png
potent
strong
forceful
powerful
influential
intoxicating
Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon
#English #vocabulary
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potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary ht…
potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary
https://twitter.com/Apoven1/status/1274316861769834496
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https://twitter.com/Apoven1/status/1274316861769834496
Apoven1potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary https://t.co/qPUaDA6x9c https://t.co/1txka7Tsh7via enacademic.com
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potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary ht…
potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary
https://twitter.com/Apoven1/status/1274316861769834496
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https://twitter.com/Apoven1/status/1274316861769834496
Apoven1potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary https://t.co/qPUaDA6x9c https://t.co/1txka7Tsh7via enacademic.com
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potent strong forceful powerful influential intoxicating Potent collocates with the following nouns: antiviral, combination, drug, effect, enemy, force, image, impact, lesson, mixture, reminder, symbol, stuff, trait, virus, weapon #English #vocabulary ht…